What is the function of low-density lipoproteins (LDL)?

Low-density lipoproteins (LDL) are often referred to as "bad" cholesterol because their primary function is to transport cholesterol from the liver to various tissues and cells throughout the body. This process is essential for cellular function and the maintenance of cell membranes. However, an excess of LDL can lead to the accumulation of cholesterol in the arteries, which increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, such as heart attacks and strokes.

The distinguishing characteristic of LDL is its role in delivering cholesterol that may contribute to plaque buildup in blood vessels. This is why it is labeled as "bad" cholesterol, in contrast to high-density lipoproteins (HDL), which are responsible for transporting cholesterol away from the arteries and back to the liver for recycling or excretion, thus helping to reduce plaque buildup.

Understanding the function of LDL helps clarify its role in the body, specifically how it impacts cardiovascular health and why maintaining healthy levels is crucial for overall well-being.